Chimeric Antigen Receptors and Regulatory T Cells: The Potential for HLA-Specific Immunosuppression in Transplantation

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are a breakthrough in genetic engineering that have revolutionized the field of adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). Cells expressing these rerouted to predefined target by inclusion an antigen-specific binding region within synthetic CAR construct. The advantage cells with programmed specificity has been demonstrated clinically oncology, and it is clear such greater accuracy, potency, reduced off-target therapeutic effects compared their unmodified counterparts. In contrast conventional T (Tconvs), regulatory (Tregs) play major role suppressing immune activation regulating host response. expression Tregs proposed as for autoimmune inflammatory diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), organ transplant rejection. latter, they hold immense potential mediators tolerance recipients allotransplants. However, current research into CAR-Treg extremely limited, there uncertainty regarding optimal design use. This review examines rationale behind development CAR-Tregs, significance human transplantation, designs, safety considerations, comparisons CAR-Tregs transplantation models date.